What Is Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)?
GBS is a rare neurological disorder where the immune system attacks the body’s nerves, often triggered by infections such as Campylobacter jejuni. It is characterized by weakness, tingling, or paralysis that can escalate quickly and requires immediate medical attention.
Link to Campylobacter jejuni
Campylobacter jejuni, a bacteria commonly associated with stomach infections, is a major trigger for GBS. It spreads through:
- Consumption of contaminated food or water (e.g., undercooked poultry, unpasteurized milk, or untreated water).
- Cross-contamination during food preparation.
- Poor hygiene, such as not washing hands after handling raw meat or contact with infected animals.
Symptoms of GBS
- Initial signs: Weakness, tingling, or numbness starting in the legs, progressing to the arms and upper body.
- Severe cases: Paralysis, unsteady walking, facial muscle difficulties (speaking, chewing, swallowing), abnormal heart rate, or loss of bladder/bowel control.
- Severe pain and breathing difficulties may also occur.
Is GBS Contagious?
GBS is not contagious. It is an autoimmune condition triggered by prior infections. According to Dr. Pradyumna Oak from Nanavati Max Super Speciality Hospital, recent outbreaks may be linked to a foodborne infection such as Campylobacter jejuni, but it does not spread person-to-person.
Preventive Measures
- Avoid consuming contaminated food and water.
- Maintain proper hygiene: Wash hands after handling raw meat or coming in contact with animals.
- Cook poultry thoroughly and avoid unpasteurized milk.
- Avoid eating out during outbreaks, particularly foods prone to bacterial growth like paneer, rice, and cheese, as advised by Dr. Priyanka Sehrawat from AIIMS Delhi.
Call to Action
While the outbreak is concerning, it is essential not to panic. Early detection and treatment of GBS within two weeks can significantly improve outcomes. Stay vigilant, follow food safety guidelines, and boost immunity to protect against infections.
